Python 3 - Operators Precedence Example
The following table lists all operators from highest precedence to lowest.
| Operator | Description |
|---|---|
| ** | Exponentiation (raise to the power) |
| ~ + - | Ccomplement, unary plus and minus (method names for the last two are +@ and -@) |
| * / % // | Multiply, divide, modulo and floor division |
| + - | Addition and subtraction |
| >> << | Right and left bitwise shift |
| & | Bitwise 'AND'td> |
| ^ | | Bitwise exclusive `OR' and regular `OR' |
| <= < > >= | Comparison operators |
| <> == != | Equality operators |
| = %= /= //= -= += *= **= | Assignment operators |
| is is not | Identity operators |
| in not in | Membership operators |
| not or and | Logical operators |
Operator precedence affects how an expression is evaluated.
For example, x = 7 + 3 * 2; here, x is assigned 13, not 20 because operator * has higher precedence than +, so it first multiplies 3*2 and then adds into 7.
Here, operators with the highest precedence appear at the top of the table, those with the lowest appear at the bottom.
Example
#!/usr/bin/python3
a = 20
b = 10
c = 15
d = 5
print ("a:%d b:%d c:%d d:%d" % (a,b,c,d ))
e = (a + b) * c / d #( 30 * 15 ) / 5
print ("Value of (a + b) * c / d is ", e)
e = ((a + b) * c) / d # (30 * 15 ) / 5
print ("Value of ((a + b) * c) / d is ", e)
e = (a + b) * (c / d) # (30) * (15/5)
print ("Value of (a + b) * (c / d) is ", e)
e = a + (b * c) / d # 20 + (150/5)
print ("Value of a + (b * c) / d is ", e)
When you execute the above program, it produces the following result −
a:20 b:10 c:15 d:5 Value of (a + b) * c / d is 90.0 Value of ((a + b) * c) / d is 90.0 Value of (a + b) * (c / d) is 90.0 Value of a + (b * c) / d is 50.0